Monday, November 14, 2011

§Automatic Railway gate control system using AVR

Hello Friends,
                 After a long delay, now again I am ready to post some interesting projects. Here I am sharing automatic Railway Gate control system using AVR micro controller. Gates will close automatically when train arrival and open when train departure from crossing. The main purpose of this project is to avoid accidents and save time.

  

This project utilizes Two IR Tx./Rx. Pair is placed at either side of the gate with some distance as shown in the pic above. When train cuts first sensor light signal toggled from Green to Red; a buzzer gets activated for 2 seconds and railway gate will closed. When train cuts second sensor then a countdown timer starts and when it counts zero light signal again toggled from Red to Green ; again buzzer gets activated for 2 Seconds and gates will closed. Timing for countdown timer is set in the controller according to the speed and length of the train. You can easily measure this timing for your toy train. I made this bidirectional so train’s direction doesn’t matter.

I design circuit using AVR ATmega8 microcontroller.IR sensors output is connected to comparator LM324.LM324 generates TTL High/Low signal at its output pins which is fed to MCU's pins as Input. According to input from LM324 Micro-controller take action. Two DC Motors is used for controlling the gate, these motor's current requirement is much more then MCU hence we need a Motor Driver IC L293D.

Required Components:
1.DC Geared Motors RPM:30 - 2
2.IR Tx./Rx. Pairs - 2
3.MCU ATmega8 - 1
4.IC-LM324 - 1
5.IC-L293D - 1
6. Registers 470E - 10,10K-2,4.7K-1
7.Capacitors : 1000uF.16volt -1 , 100nF-1
8.Seven Segment CC - 1
9.Some LED's : 2- Green, 2-Red, 3 others
10.7805 -1
11.6Volt,4.5MAh Battery
12.some wires, burg strips etc. 

and a Toy Train --


Circuit Diagram:


Making:
step 1 : First make the sensor setup.IR Tx./Rx. should be connected in line of sight. Two signal LEDs. Total five wire comes out from this sensor setup- VCC, GND, Sensor Output, Red LED anode, Green LED anode. Distance between IR Tx./Rx. is about 12cm.


Sensor Setup - 1


Sensor Setup - 2

Step:2 Gear Motor's setup.




Step:3 Circuit design. I design the layout in PCB-Wizard.


 


Step:4 Whole setup -




See Video for more clarification.

Software : source code is written in C. MCU - Atmega8 @1MHz internal.Compiler - WINAVR.

#define F_CPU 1000000UL
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <util/delay.h>

#define CUT1 bit_is_clear(PIND,0)
#define CUT2 bit_is_clear(PIND,1)

#define BEEP PORTD|=(1<<PD4);\
delayms(1500);\
PORTD &=~(1<<PD4);\

#define MOTOR_CW PORTC = 0B00111010;\
delayms(800);\
PORTC=0X00;\

#define MOTOR_ACW PORTC = 0B00110101;\
delayms(800);\
PORTC=0X00;\

#define RED_ON  PORTD|=(1<<PD6);\
PORTD&=~(1<<PD7);

#define GREEN_ON PORTD|=(1<<PD7);\
PORTD&=~(1<<PD6);

char seg[10]={0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F};

void delayms(uint16_t ms){
  while(ms){
    _delay_ms(1);
    ms--;
  }
}

int main()
{
DDRC = 0xFF;//All Outputs
DDRB = 0xFF;//All Outputs
DDRD = 0XF0;//PD0,PD1 Inputs,PD4-PD7 Outputs
PORTD|=(1<<PD0)|(1<<PD1);//Internal Pull Ups

int i,done;
while(1){
   done=0;
   GREEN_ON;
   PORTB=0X00;//Segment OFF

    if(CUT1){
    BEEP;
    while(CUT1);
    while(!CUT2){RED_ON;if(!done){MOTOR_CW;done=1;}}
    if(CUT2){for(i=9;i>=0;i--){PORTB=seg[i];delayms(700);}
    BEEP;GREEN_ON;MOTOR_ACW;
      }
    }

    if(CUT2){
    BEEP;
    while(CUT2);
    while(!CUT1){RED_ON;if(!done){MOTOR_CW;done=1;}}
    if(CUT1){for(i=9;i>=0;i--){PORTB=seg[i];delayms(700);}
    BEEP;GREEN_ON;MOTOR_ACW;}
    }
  }
 return 0;
}


After making this project I realize some limitation, first it required different type of IR sensors which should not detect human interrupt and second thing is at gate closing time if any vehicle present in between and below the gate then gate should detect the presence of any vehicle or obstacle. If you resolve these then please share.
 


                    circuit diagram

Video:
                                                                                                                ~Pratyush

123 comments:

  1. Hey bro , this is Pias . I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.pcb' file of circuit diagram to my mail id ? If you It will be great favour for me .
    mnhpias@gmail.com

    Best regards .

    ReplyDelete
  2. i dont want to use the buzzer and 7segment display..what changes should i make in the program??

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Donot make any changes in it dear,
      its your choice t put buzzer and 7-segment display....
      The program donot effect the circuit...

      Delete
  3. can u mail me too the .pcb file and a detailed info for the project? my id is sanu_gopa@yahoo.co.in

    ReplyDelete
  4. can u mail me how to interface this model with computer interface? my id is vanands@rediffmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  5. can u plz send me the circuits and code to my mail albinvadakkekara@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  6. how should i get it burnt into the chip???? niharikachandu@yahoo.co.in

    ReplyDelete
  7. Hello...pratyush...
    nice to see ur blog...also tht u r too from jecrc jodhpur...
    gud job..
    m arjun of 2008 batch ECE,,
    keep rocking \m/

    ReplyDelete
  8. Hey,I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.pcb' file of circuit diagram to my mail id ? If you It will be great favour for me .
    abhisheksuhan@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  9. Hai brother this is bharanidharan. I am going to the project on this topic. Will you help me in doing this within three days. Can I use IC8051 for this project. please give some ideas on this to my mail-id. my mail-id is bharanidharanbabukpm@gmail.com . I am waiting for a positive response from you.

    ReplyDelete
  10. hey can you plz help me to do a project? My project is about automatic car space management system . I had got the circuit from the EFY. But making the gate is too difficult. So can you plz make some change in that one (adding the L293d) for motor controller. I will send you the circuit and code to you mail id. Plz send ur mail id to me albinvadakkekara@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  11. his email id is :- pratyushgehlot@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  12. HI, I WANT THE HEX FILE OF THIS PROGRAM... PLEASE MAIL ME THE HEX FILE TO MU EMAIL ID..

    Email id:- hkumar136@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  13. hello sir. on which principle sensor is woking in this project?????????

    ReplyDelete
  14. hello sir....
    plzzz tell me that which type of sensor is used in project and also send me the working principle of sensor....
    email id=nomanali000188@yahho.com

    ReplyDelete
  15. Hello sir,
    I made the same project that you did but we had a problem its not working. we had a problem in connecting the ISP header please brief me,
    please send the pin details of ISP header.
    email id sandeepreddylethakula@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  16. Hey! I want to make this project for science fair can u send me the details to my mail barani.prasath.kvk@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  17. hi everyone, now you can download code and hex file.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. hey bro....my self jay choksi...i want to make this project.....can you send me the project all details.........and ISP header explai briefly and please send the pin deails of ISP header........my email id:- jaychoksi96@gmail.com............pls bro send all details........i m waiting positive response..............pls send bro...all details.............

      Delete
  18. Hey bro , this is mohan . I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.pcb' file of circuit diagram to my mail id ? If you It will be great favour for me .
    i am doing that projects as mini project
    plz send me hex file

    mohankumar0484@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  19. please send me send me how to do it at anugrahprd@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  20. Hey,I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.pcb' file of circuit diagram to my mail id ? If you It will be great favour for me .
    champ_sanjeet@yahoo.com

    ReplyDelete
  21. sir i worked on your project and did'n succeed so kindly send me more details of this railway gate control system to my mail id : daredevil.ibm@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  22. Sir will you please tell me.
    1- what is connected on Pin 1 and 14 of LM324? is it a led or a diode?
    2- Pin 4 of LM324 is VCC and Pin 11 is GND than why are you connecting 11
    to Vcc and 4 to GND
    3- In the circuit diagram you have directly connected the pin 8 of L293D
    to the 6v but in PCB layout you are using a diode to connect the same
    pin, why you are using a diode here and pin 8 is Vcc so why you are
    not connecting it to the out terminal of 7805
    waiting for your kind reply

    ReplyDelete
  23. two leds are there connected at pin-1 and pin-14 of LM324(see step-3 pic) these leds are optional but very useful when to check IR sensor is working or not.and yes pin-4 is Vcc and pin-11 is Ground,i will correct it soon.
    pin-8 of L293D is connected at 'input pin' of 7805 and diode is connected between 'Vcc' and 'input pin' of 7805. here diode is also optional it will protect circuit in case we connect vcc and gnd opposite.

    ReplyDelete
  24. why is the circuit diagram diffrent from pcb layout?
    pin 11,12 of (atmega8)circuit diagram and pin 11,12 of pcb layout is diffrently connected?
    pls reply fast!!!

    ReplyDelete
  25. there are diffrences between circuit diagram and step 3 diagram.please tell which is the correct one!!!

    ReplyDelete
  26. what does vcc indicate and why is ir rx connected to the opposite poles?

    ReplyDelete
  27. which glue have to used to stick the motors to the wood in step 2.
    do you get a base for 7 segment display???

    ReplyDelete
  28. Hello sir,
    I want to make this project for science fair can u send me the details to my mail pratapkamineni@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  29. hello sir,
    how many cost is required for this project . can you give me a details of this project.

    ReplyDelete
  30. why is the circuit diagram diffrent from pcb layout?
    pin 11,12 of (atmega8)circuit diagram and pin 11,12 of pcb layout is diffrently connected?
    here are diffrences between circuit diagram and step 3 diagram.please tell which is the correct one!!!
    what does vcc indicate and why is ir rx connected to the opposite poles?
    please reply at maclindso@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  31. hey.. instead of AVR ATmega8 microcontroller, will it work with any microcontroller from 8051 family (PHILIPS) or PIC ??? do reply asap.

    ReplyDelete
  32. Hi everyone thanks for showing your interest and pointing out your doubts in circuit diagram. I have updated the circuit diagram. You can Download circuit diagram and code from download section.

    ReplyDelete
  33. Hi Pratyush, I am presently working on this project and I need your assistance. pls can u explain to me how you connected the ISP header and IR Tx-Rx to the circuit? thanks

    ReplyDelete
  34. Hi,I'm Pathik Parmar.
    I want make this project.
    Can you give me the '.pcb' file and detailed info.
    My email id is parmar91pathik@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  35. he budy i had done ur project but it is not running so i want ur help do u send me ur ic which is bruned plzzzzzz my email id on face book shahabaj.mulani786@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. plzzzzzzzzzz hey bro send me quickly ur automatic rail gate layout with out component showing only layout properly

      Delete
  36. he also some more idea & ur proper project lay out with out component showing

    ReplyDelete
  37. why is buzzer not in the component list which buzzer is used in the above project

    ReplyDelete
  38. hello sir.,instead of atmega 8 can we use 8051 microcontroller in this project and if yes will it work properly ? if 8051 is used then code will get changed or will it remain as it is ?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. If you want to use 8051 you must change your code.Use atmega8.

      Delete
  39. why we use seven segment diplay whats the operation of seven segment cc

    ReplyDelete
  40. Thanks Mr Pratyush for this wonderful project.
    Your project's first limitation can be solved by setting the sensors at a height that equals the height of the train only.Second limitation can be solved by placing the red leds at a fair distance from rail line so that the coming vehicles can be stopped before the gate falls.

    My queries are-
    1. what is the fuse byte for this project.I guess it is E1 D9
    2. a 5V or 12V which buzzer has been used here?
    3. what is the use of 7 segment display?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Hi Atiqullah Atiq.
      Can we use 9v battery instead of 6v battery?

      Delete
    2. can uh help me in making this project
      i need to submit it by 10th feb so

      Delete
  41. hey i had tried this project, its not working
    plz help me
    email : um1912@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  42. Here two leds used for sensor indicator are not working.
    Are these leds' connections are correct or not?
    If anyone Knows then help me...

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. hi Pathik,your observation is right. Sensor indicator led's connection was wrong which have been corrected, now refer updated schematic.

      Delete
  43. hello sir...
    i have doubt regarding LM324's pin 1 for connection of the led.
    whichever is right step3 or in download section.
    kindly send ckt diagram in er.rajeevsharmaeee1@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  44. hello pratyush,...can u pls send me the hex code...????????my program is making some pblm..pls can u help me???? n wht is the connection of isp??

    ReplyDelete
  45. if i use pic micro controller..so which micro controller i use in pic

    ReplyDelete
  46. plz send me a pdf file
    uttam66.ub@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  47. I'm not clear about connecting the Seven segment in circuit diagram.
    Is power supply imporatant?
    please send me circuit diagram

    ReplyDelete
  48. does the decoder needs a 74LS47??

    ReplyDelete
  49. heyy....i m jay.....plz send the ckt diagram and hex file...
    my email id is jaychoksi96@gmail.com...
    i m waiting....to positive response...
    jaychoksi96@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  50. Hey bro , this is Pias . I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.pcb' file of circuit diagram to my mail id ? If you It will be great favour for me
    rk.nrit@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  51. how should i get it burnt into the chip???? roopeshbabu007@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  52. which hardware u hav used to dump code into the chip ?? can u also send me the hex file ??roopeshbabu007@gmail.com
    plz help in dis i am doing project on dis

    ReplyDelete
  53. hey bro....my self jay choksi...i want to make this project.....can you send me the project all details.........and ISP header explai briefly and please send the pin deails of ISP header........my email id:- jaychoksi96@gmail.com............pls bro send all details........i m waiting positive response..............pls send bro...all details.............

    ReplyDelete
  54. Hey bro , this is chewhan . I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.pcb' file of circuit diagram to my mail gmail ? It will be great favour for me .
    chewhan@gmail.com .THANK pls reply me asap

    ReplyDelete
  55. please i really need your help regarding this project...can you send me the hex file and the circuit diagram..yaniez0288@gmail.com..Thank you hope you can reply me

    ReplyDelete
  56. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  57. I want to make this project and need u r help can you send me the hex file and the circuit diagram .abhisheknsakhare@gmail.com. thk u

    ReplyDelete
  58. can i use ATMega 16 in place of ATMega 8?

    ReplyDelete
  59. can u nplz tell me the circuit of this using ATMEGA 16 and its coding plz send me as early as possible .
    EMAIL ID : poonampn28@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  60. can u plz send me the circuit diagram..??wanna make a PCB lay-out using altium....my mail id is wankhadeashu5741@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  61. Sir m unable to download hex file and also when i m coping the code it is giving 21 errors. Pls suggest smthng

    ReplyDelete
  62. hi friend i want the .pcb file can u please send me on akashswami99@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  63. i want the simulation file plz this is badlyy need for me

    ReplyDelete
  64. HI, I WANT THE HEX FILE OF THIS PROGRAM... PLEASE MAIL ME THE HEX FILE TO MU EMAIL ID..chitranshhimanshushrivastava@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  65. Helloooo prathyush........can u send me thizzzz circuit diagram.........plzzzz.....that izzzz not clearly visible.........and seven segment connections of thizzzz circuit.....sravankumar.atla@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  66. could u send the .pcb file to me please
    mahmoudbelalallam@yahoo.com
    and what is the Vcc value of all the circuit that shown

    ReplyDelete
  67. where can i get the updated schematic and how can i dump the code into micro controller

    ReplyDelete
  68. Sir can you plz send me .pcb file
    Or image pcb layout without component

    ReplyDelete
  69. My mail id yn.jadhav11@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  70. Hi, can i get the pcb layout image without the components or just the .pcb file?
    my email id is indianwalker@gmail.com.

    ReplyDelete
  71. This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.

    ReplyDelete
  72. This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.

    ReplyDelete
  73. sir plz give me a simple circuit for only signal controller not buzzer and gate and other plz sir i m a fan of u after seen ur projects plzz sir help me i m a fan of indian railways n i making a large circuit of train with use of this sensor and signal light using plzz sir help me...Thak u

    ReplyDelete
  74. hey ! is this programmed on arduino ?

    ReplyDelete
  75. please reply as soon as possible.....

    ReplyDelete
  76. Hey bro , this is A.AFZAL KHAN . I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.PCB' file of circuit diagram to my mail id ? If you It will be great favour for me .
    i am doing that projects as mini project
    plz send me hex file

    Thanks
    afzalkhan

    afzalkhan4114@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. hey do uh have this project file ..can uh send me on my mail poojamutha203.pm@gmail.com as soon as possible plz

      Delete
  77. Pls send me hex file for this program mail id: tharanigct@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  78. Pls send me hex file for this program mail id: tharanigct@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  79. Pla send me hex file of this program mail id tharanigct@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  80. plz send me the hex file as soon as possible.
    Thanks in advance
    email id--- pankajdhammi@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  81. How can i make this project bidirectional?

    ReplyDelete
  82. IS THERE ANY ALTERNATIVE OF IC LM293D PLZZZZ TELL ME FAST

    ReplyDelete
  83. Hey it's a great project .........willing to do it....

    ReplyDelete
  84. can u assist me for doing this project as my final year graduation project my mail is "molakaprasannakumar@gmail.com " if any errors in the project please post. update ...

    ReplyDelete
  85. i want to make this project.thank you soo much!for shearing this great project. :)
    can you send me the .PCB file?if you can.....plaz send me the PCB file.plz..plz..plz..plz :)
    here is my mail:minhazul.mi@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  86. Hey,I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.pcb' file of circuit diagram to my mail id ? If you It will be great favour for me
    Geegee. Gmdeer@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  87. gice me full detail plzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz send me pcb lay out design

    ReplyDelete
  88. plz send me detail sir i wna its pcb layout
    mumar4252@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  89. Hey,I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.pcb' file of circuit diagram to my mail id ? If you It will be great favour for me .
    1997lakshya19@gmail. com

    ReplyDelete
  90. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  91. Heya can u send me the circuit diagram, HEX file and code my email id is tishantdude@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  92. http://electronicswork.blogspot.in/2011/11/automatic-railway-gate-control-system.html

    ReplyDelete
  93. Hey bro , this is vel. I want to make this project , Can you send me the hex file and '.pcb' file of circuit diagram to my mail id ? If you It will be great favour for me .
    vellumhurugan@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  94. Hey,can u plz send me the hex file.
    kumarg513@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  95. Thanks for your great tips. We all appreciate your tips. Keep posting these kind of nice blogs.
    Dc gear motor

    ReplyDelete
  96. can u please tell the approiximate total cost of this project . if possible , please tell price of individual component used . thank you sir

    ReplyDelete
  97. how should i get it burnt into the chip????hmnsh46@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  98. sir i m making this project ..m also from jodhpur sir will you help me as i m not getting exact number of components and getting problem in simulation ... sir reply as soon as possible plz as i need to submit it by 10th feb so

    ReplyDelete
  99. can u give me file of this project on my mail poojamutha203.pm@gmail.com
    please...

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. have you done your project?
      can i have your project.please reply

      Delete
  100. does anyone have explanation of this program

    ReplyDelete
  101. can you give me a schematic diagram for this project.
    or give me file for this project please
    email me fadhilyusri97@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  102. hi.. sir help me please i am stuck in this project

    ReplyDelete
  103. Brother please send me .pcb file. my email id is muzahidruet13@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  104. bro I want to use this project in my university science exhibition
    plz send me all details

    abdulqadeer152656@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  105. Good work. We like this project and it should be practically implemented in 3rd world countries.

    FYP

    ReplyDelete
  106. Great Blog, there is so much reality written in this content and everything is something which is very hard to be argued. Top notch blog having excellent content. led light strip for automatic gate

    ReplyDelete
  107. Gate code Wow, cool post. I'd like to write like this too - taking time and real hard work to make a great article... but I put things off too much and never seem to get started. Thanks though.

    ReplyDelete
  108. Aw, this was a really nice post! I would like to thank you for the efforts you’ve put in writing this site. Best of luck for the next! Please visit my web site Apsecurity.nz. Best Home Intrusion Alarm System NZ service provider.

    ReplyDelete
  109. Thank you for your post. This is excellent information for me. keep up it! led light strip for automatic gate

    ReplyDelete

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